The pros and cons of lichen

Color photo of Z scale Milwaukee Road EMD GP9s emerging from tunnel in a scene with fall foliage.

Q: I have a question regarding using lichen to simulate vegetation on a layout. My basement is clean but unfinished, so the wood floor joists overhead and the concrete walls are all visible. The basement isn’t particularly humid, but it isn’t climate controlled either. There are the occasional spiders and cobwebs, as is normal in […]

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Build wooden fences

model city scene on garden railway with fence

I live in the northeast region of the United States, where winters are harsh. Ice, snow storms, and heavy dampness attack structures left outdoors on the railway. While the track remains in place, I put away most of my structures during winter.  I cannot put away a couple of wooden rail bumps, the fence around […]

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Finding the right freight cars

Color photo of three HO scale freight cars.

As many of you know, my primary modeling interest is the early days of the Burlington Northern (1970-1974) in Crookston, Minn., my hometown. One of the rail-served industries that has long intrigued me is the Otter Tail Power Co. (OTPCO) power plant. The 10,000 kilowatt plant, which hugged the banks of the Red Lake River […]

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Boxcar storage shed revisited

Color photo showing right side of heavily weathered wood and steel boxcar.

In November 2021 I wrote about modeling a boxcar storage scene based around an ex-Milwaukee Road car in Milbank, S.D. This time around we’ll take a look at a car in the Minnesota Northern RR (MNN) yard in Crookston, Minn., my hometown. Back in 2016 I was invited to the National Model Railroad Association Thousand […]

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What color is sky blue?

Color photo of man in denim shirt and blue jeans wearing personal protective gear painting tempered hardboard.

Q: My light blue-gray walls look fine to the naked eye, but not so good in photos. Are there some tried and true formulas for the major paint brands that are a reliable “sky blue” for model railroad backgrounds? — David Provost A: Model railroaders have long asked “What color is sky blue?” when painting […]

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Irish yew

Irish yew grows in the forground of the image. In the background, garden rail track can be seen, alongside a model caboose structure and rocks

Common name: Irish yew Botanical name: Taxus baccata ‘Fastigiata’ Plant type: Dwarf conifer USDA Hardiness Zones: 6-9 Cultural needs: Well-drained soil, sun or shade Plant size: 6-8′ high x 2-3′ wide in 10 years, easily pruned Discovered in Northern Ireland in 1780, Taxus baccata ‘Fastigiata’ is an easy-to-grow evergreen conifer for railroad gardeners. Like a […]

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Lionel Nos. 43 and 44 boats

The year was 1933, and the Great Depression was in full swing. Lionel was touting the new “Chugger” sound mechanism in its locomotives and still cataloging the landmark Nos. 396E Blue Comet and 411E State passenger sets. On the back page of the consumer catalog, Lionel introduced something new and unlike anything it had offered […]

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ChatGPT use cases for the model railroader

Using the same prompt, "Model railroad layout trackplan, birds eye view, HO scale, mountainous, with tunnel, mining operation and city," demonstrates the progress made in the field of LLM image generation over the course of one year. The difference in the level of detail between 2023 and 2024 is self-evident, and upon closer inspection, one notices clearer delineation between locomotives and buildings on the image at right as opposed to its predecessor. Mitch Horner image

Whether we like it or not, AI isn’t going away. The adoption of this technology across all major tech companies and many industries has cemented its place in our contemporary culture, at least for the time being. We as modelers may as well make our peace with it, and learn how to make it work […]

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5 Tips for Building Compact Model Train Layouts

The cover for model railroader's multideck design book

Model railroading is a rewarding hobby, but it can sometimes be challenging to find space for a full-sized layout. Fortunately, with careful planning and a few creative design choices, you can create a model train layout that fits into a smaller area. Here’s a guide to help you get started building a compact model train […]

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Selecting N scale track

Black-and-white illustration showing different N scale rail sizes.

Q: I will be starting my first model railroad soon, a small N scale layout. I want to use code 55 track, but I’ve read mixed reviews about it. Do you have any suggestions, or should I stick with code 80 track? — Damien Bouchey A: When shopping for N scale track, you’ll see it […]

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Rocky and Suzanne McAlister’s S gauge layout

A toy train layout track plan

Name: Rocky and Suzanne McAlister’s S gauge layoutDimensions: 10½ x 14½-footTrack: GarGraves, Gilbert American Flyer (maximum diameter 42 inches)Switches: Gilbert American FlyerMotive power: American Models, Gilbert American Flyer, Lionel American Flyer, S-Helper ServiceRolling stock: American Models, Gilbert American Flyer, Lionel American Flyer, MTH Electric Trains, S-Helper ServiceControls: Gilbert American Flyer, Model Rectifier Corp. transformersAccessories: Gilbert […]

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