PHNX caboose

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This bright red caboose and its sister, No. 101, escort special rail loads and are owned by PHN LLC. Timothy J. O’Malley Q Last year I saw a caboose on the tail end of a BNSF Railway train with PHNX reporting marks. Is it escorting the three hopper cars in front of it? Who owns […]

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British vs. U.S. practices

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A former London & North Eastern Class D49 4-4-0 displays the British-style method of securing the smokebox door and using buffers with couplers. Kenneth G. Williamson Q Why did British steam locomotives use a center-locking device on the smokebox and buffers with link and chain for car coupling? How did U.S. railroads do it differently? […]

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Amtrak’s P40s

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Amtrak P40s that didn’t make the first cut for rebuilding wait their turn in Bear, Del., on June 7, 2010. Bob Johnston Q Whatever became of Amtrak’s P40s? They were numbered in the 800 series and looked very similar to the P42s in service today. What’s the difference between them? Does Amtrak still have any […]

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Odd-looking signal

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This odd-looking signal serves to warn motorists. Sherman Cahal Q What can you tell me about this signal? – Carl Lehman, San Antonio A The photo was taken along the Baltimore & Ohio’s line in Greenfield, Ohio, and faces Baltimore Avenue, which runs parallel to the tracks through the city. The single top light will […]

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Operating in push vs. pull

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An eastbound express Metra train, operating in push mode, pauses at Western Springs, Ill., on Sept. 10, 2009. You can see the engineer in the window of the cabcar. Paul Hoffmann Q What’s the difference in touch or feel for an engineer running in push mode versus pull mode? Is there a limit to the […]

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Water tanks in winter

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Duluth & Northeastern No. 14 fills up at Cloquet, Minn., in 1958. William D. Middleton Q How did railroads in northern states keep water in tanks from freezing in the winter? Were the tanks heated and insulated, or filled just before use? – James Alain, Chassell, Mich. A Many water towers in colder climates had […]

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Canadian National’s SD60Fs

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CN SD60Fs meet train 393 as they move eastward at Aldershot West, Burlington, Ont., on May 5, 2006. Greg McDonnell Q I recently saw Canadian National Railway diesel No. 5553 switching a cut of cars in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, and was unable to determine who built this locomotive. It had six axles and no running […]

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‘X’ locomotive number

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Southern Pacific cab-forward 4-8-8-2 No. 4219 leads an extra train at Dunsmuir, Calif., in August 1948. Guy L. Dunscomb, Martin E. Hansen collection Q On some early Union Pacific and Southern Pacific steam and diesel locomotives there is an “X” in front of the number. Why is this done? – Leon Bassik, Langhorne, Pa. A […]

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Nitrogen blankets

Q I heard the term “nitrogen blanket” in reference to a tank car. Could you explain what this is and what types of tank cars have these nitrogen blankets? – Mike Riley, Manchester, Mo. A The term “nitrogen blanket” refers to a padding (or a layer) of nitrogen gas put into a tank car to: […]

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Passenger car beds

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A sleeping berth shown set for feet first in the direction of travel on an Amtrak long-distance train. Bob Johnston Q I previously understood that the safest position to sleep while traveling by train was with feet first, but the past Amtrak trips I took had the bed set up head first. Is there an […]

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Colored dots on freight cars

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Dots painted on trilevel auto racks indicate clearance heights. Rob Burnet Q I have seen colored painted dots on freight cars, mostly multilevel auto rack cars. What do they signify? – Rob Burnet, Etobicoke, Ont., Canada A Colored marks on auto multi-levels are to designate slightly different deck height clearances on trilevels. Orange dots indicate […]

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Helper locomotive crews

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On Aug. 6, 2012, a single Illinois Central manned helper locomotive brings up the rear of a southbound Canadian National intermodal train working up Byron Hill on the Waukesha Subdivision near Byron, Wis. Tom Danneman Q How do locomotive engineers know they are doing equal work on trains equipped with manned helpers? – Robert A. […]

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