Alcohol stain fogs Dullcote; but what if the stain is dry?

A model of a wood-sided hopper with chalky, faded paint

Q: I’m aware that India ink-alcohol stain fogs Dullcote and similar dulling lacquer products. But I’ve not been able to find anything on the internet that discusses what happens if you spray Dullcote onto something that has previously had an alcohol wash applied, but the alcohol has completely evaporated and is dry. I assume there is no effect, […]

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Locomotive electrical problems and how to solve them

A disassembled model locomotive truck with corroded contacts

Q: I’m having some N scale locomotive electrical problems. My 6 x 8-foot layout is powered by NCE Digital Command Control. My locomotives will roll a few inches, then stop. If I give them a push, they stutter on/off, on/off, on/off. When the locomotives are moving, the block occupancy detector’s light-emitting diode (LED) is on, […]

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Why is it needed to mark an F on the front of a diesel?

A black-and-white diesel hood unit seen in three-quarters view on a sunny day

Q: I am wondering why they mark a little F on the front of a diesel. I know it stands for “Front.” However, isn’t it obvious in most cases where the front is? And in the case of a center cab switcher, where it isn’t at all obvious, why does it matter? What is the practical purpose of […]

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Why were billboard reefer cars outlawed?

Black-and-white image of a wood refrigerator car with large “SWIFT” lettering on the side

Q: Why were billboard reefer cars outlawed? I recently received my copy of Gerry Leone’s Model Railroader’s Handbook. It is certainly a deep well of information. I came across the “Railroad regulatory timeline” on page 111. Most of the regulations banned older, unsafe technology (arch-bar trucks, truss-rod car construction, etc.) as newer technology developed. That makes sense. But […]

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Why do my trains stop between wiring blocks?

A wiring diagram showing how to wire a simple track plan for dual cab control

Q: I’m experiencing a problem with trains that stop between wiring blocks on my N scale train layout. I have two identical direct current (DC) power packs and am using Kato Unitrack throughout the layout. One power pack runs the main line while the other operates the yards. The problem is that whenever I attempt […]

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How do I make vertical track easements?

A man lowers his head to track level to check a model railroad track for straightness

Q: What is the rule of thumb for the transition from a grade back to level when laying track? — Carl Angdahl A: Gradual transitions between track grades, called vertical track easements, can help prevent problems on your model railroad. If a train suddenly goes from a steep grade to flat track or vice-versa, couplers […]

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How do I label and patch out leased locomotives?

Close-up of a rectangular patch of trim film being applied to an HO scale diesel’s cab

Q: I would like to know how to patch out leased locomotives. I model a bridge line connecting the Nickel Plate (NKP) at Wheeling, W.Va., with the Norfolk & Western (N&W) at Bluefield, W.Va. I roster several EMD GP30s and some Alco units, all in NKP livery. Most of my steam power is lettered for […]

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Would sanding model railroad track improve traction?

A cleaning block is used to scrub the railhead of HO scale rail

Q: I have a tight HO scale helix with a grade of 3%. My smaller steam engines have a hard time pulling more than two or three cars up the grade.  I know the standard answers: increase engine weight, add a second engine, apply Bullfrog Snot to the drivers, make sure car trucks roll smoothly. […]

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Why are there no kits for modeling a glass plant?

Aerial photo of a prototype glass plant

Q: I’m slowly building the industries on my HO layout and can’t seem to find one in particular: a glass plant. I see all types of industries one can buy in HO scale, but no one seems to make a glass plant. Why not? I once worked for one of the largest glass container manufacturers […]

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Answers to questions about steam locomotive power

Black-and-white image of a steam locomotive in 3/4 view

Q: My father, who gave me my first train set in 1974, asked me a couple questions about steam locomotive power that I didn’t know the answers to, so I’m directing them to you. Which wheel configurations are better for pulling a train up a hill versus long freight loads a long distance, and why? Also, […]

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Model steel strapping for an open-top load

Three loads bundled with steel strapping on an HO scale flatcar

Q: I’m putting together some loads for flatbed and open gondola cars consisting of objects like pipe, wood, basically long straight pieces about half a car length in length. What would I use to model steel strapping to hold the loads together? I work in HO scale. — Rich Bond A: The easiest and best-looking solution […]

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