Most successful articulated locomotive: The 4-6-6-4 Challenger

Three quarter view of steam locomotive

The 4-6-6-4 Challenger was the most successful articulated steam locomotive design.     Rating steam locomotives is a risky business. You might easily compare engines by weight or length or lists of accessories, but actual performance — judged by the engineering standards of 2023 — is somewhat subjective. It would be an exaggeration to say […]

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Meet Gerry Leone

Meet Gerry Leone: man’s face peeking from behind model structure

Meet Gerry Leone How did you get started in the hobby? Although my dad had a Lionel layout in our basement, I was not involved with it. I just played with the loop around the Christmas tree. At one point, he traded his Lionel stuff for a Tyco HO starter set and bought an older […]

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More toxic chemicals on model railroads of the past

vintage article about a model train powered by radon

Months ago, when the MR staff started talking about more toxic chemicals used on model railroads of the past, I had no idea there would be such a list of them! While hobbyists needed to be creative to get the job done, sadly, some of their choices were unsafe. In some cases, the chemicals were […]

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DCC locomotive won’t move under DC

The mechanism of an HO scale diesel locomotive model with the shell removed

Q: I’ve been a model railroader for many years, and my layouts have all been direct current. My daughter gave me a used Life-Like Proto2000 EMD E6 diesel that she purchased at a train show. The box says it’s equipped with a DCC plug, but an included card said “factory installed sound.” I don’t know […]

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Spotting EMD vs GE diesels

A bright green modern EMD diesel is seen in a nose-on three-quarters view

Q: In the good old days, it was fairly easy to distinguish among the major diesel locomotive players, especially the carbody units from Alco, Baldwin, and Electro-Motive Division (EMD). They all had distinctive noses and cabs. My question: Are there some features that will help with spotting EMD vs GE diesels I see on railroads […]

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Tracking down a short in a locomotive truck

The parts of a disassembled N scale locomotive truck are laid out for cleaning

Q: I have an N scale Athearn EMD F45 locomotive with factory DCC and sound, released in 2016. I bought it new, and it worked until I activated different sounds, after which it shorted out. As soon as track power is turned on, my circuit breaker trips. When I tried bypassing the circuit breaker, it shorted […]

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Locomotives short lines like to use

Photo of center-cab locomotive with seven car train

Locomotives short lines like to use: Shortline railroads have long fascinated me. Perhaps it’s because I had a front-row seat to the startup of one in my hometown in December 1996. Maybe it’s because some are real underdog stories. Seeing a railroad turn a line or lines plagued by years of deferred maintenance into a […]

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Interior details for a 1950s Streetcar diner

Diner signs and graphics: An O scale roadside diner model on a diorama in front of a blue background

  Small interior details for a 1950s Streetcar diner are easy and fun to make. When building the diner scene shown in the photo above, I knew that I’d want to include enough interior detail to make the model interesting to look at. The diner has small windows, which meant that I only needed a […]

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How to live with cats and model trains

A dark-striped tabby cat reclines on the scenery of an HO scale layout

As the saying goes, curiosity killed the cat. But if you, like me, have both cats and model trains, it’s usually your layout that suffers the brunt of your cat’s curiosity. Model train layouts have all kinds of enticing chewable trees, invitingly textured landscaping, and of course, fun moving cat toys (a.k.a. locomotives). So what […]

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An L shaped N scale shelf layout

A sketch of an L shaped N scale shelf layout on graph paper

In some of my early “Sketching with Steve” articles – in particular, “What is a station?” and “Big industries for small spaces” – I admit to having an ulterior motive. I was building toward something. Specifically, I had been thinking for a while about building an L shaped N scale shelf layout in my basement office. […]

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Lehigh Valley Railroad remembered

Streamlined red Lehigh Valley Railroad diesel locomotives pull freight train through curve in city

Without an ampersand, directional vector, or superlative in its title, the Lehigh Valley Railroad was of understated geographical reach. Its 440-mile New York-Buffalo line was slightly longer than competing routes of the Erie, New York Central, and Lackawanna, but shorter than the Pennsylvania’s. LV’s earliest component dated to 1836, but “the Valley” owed its existence […]

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