News & Reviews News Wire CSX taking steps to dig out of congestion

CSX taking steps to dig out of congestion

By Bill Stephens | March 31, 2025

The railroad’s merchandise and bulk networks have slowed down due to a combination of harsh weather and the need to reroute traffic around the Howard Street Tunnel and Blue Ridge Subdivision

Email Newsletter

Get the newest photos, videos, stories, and more from Trains.com brands. Sign-up for email today!

Winter Storm Enzo dropped a blanket of snow on CSX’s Rice Yard in Waycross, Ga., in January. CSX

JACKSONVILLE, Fla. — In the weeks before the Feb. 1 closure of the Howard Street Tunnel in Baltimore, CSX was a railroad on a tightrope.

CSX had been struggling to recover from a string of harsh weather events that began during a devastating hurricane season and continued through winter.

Among them: The Jan. 21 storm that blanketed the Gulf Coast and Southeast in a rare snowfall. CSX’s busiest hump yard, Rice Yard in Waycross, Ga., received more than four inches of snow and shut down for an unprecedented three days. “We were effectively shut out of a 3,000-car-a-day hump,” Chief Operating Officer Mike Cory says.

A little more than a week later, CSX closed the Howard Street Tunnel on schedule to begin a six-to-eight-month clearance project. Another shot of winter followed in mid February, raking the system from Memphis and Chicago to Baltimore and Selkirk, N.Y., and further snarling operations. And now CSX has been pushed off the high wire by the strain of detouring traffic that used to roll through Howard Street on more than 16 trains per day.

By many measures the CSX network has slowed to levels not seen since the 2022 service crisis that was caused by widespread crew shortages, says Rick Paterson, a Loop Capital Markets analyst who closely follows railroad performance metrics.

“We’ve entered four-alarm territory at CSX as the — now clearly botched — reroutes around Baltimore’s Howard Street tunnel continues to throw up operating metrics we typically only see during full-blown meltdowns,” Paterson wrote in his weekly State of the Rails note to clients last week. “This week’s data, reflecting week ending March 21, was further impetus to lunge for the liquor cabinet.”

The big picture: Average train speed is down 6.8% this year, terminal dwell is up 10.4%, and both the number of cars online and the number of trains holding for crews are on the rise.

These graphs, by Loop Capital Markets analyst Rick Paterson, show the decline in velocity and increase in terminal dwell on CSX this year. Loop Capital Markets

In addition to the Howard Street Tunnel reroutes, CSX continues to detour traffic around its Blue Ridge Subdivision, the former Clinchfield main in rugged eastern Tennessee and western North Carolina. Hurricane Helene essentially wiped nearly 60 miles of the railroad off the map in September. The entire route is not expected to reopen until this fall.

The Blue Ridge Sub carried five to seven trains per day and is not a major main line. But it did serve as a relief valve that can ease congestion on CSX’s primary Midwest-Florida routes, Cory says.

Between Howard Street and the Blue Ridge Sub, CSX is detouring around 12% of its overall daily road freights. The railroad has to absorb 10 million out-of-route miles per month, Cory says.

Meanwhile, train crew attendance has dipped as engineers and conductors take advantage of their expanded sick-time benefits.

As congestion has built in CSX’s major yards, the railroad has been forced to hold trains out. Earlier this month, for example, CSX was holding 11 Waycross-bound trains as far away as Richmond, Va., Florence, S.C., Rocky Mount, N.C., and Savannah, Ga.

CSX is taking several steps to dig out, Cory says.

First, it’s adding 50 or so locomotives through a combination of pulling Dash 8 and 9 units from storage and taking delivery of modernized locomotives from Wabtec. The units will be sent to terminals in the Midwest, which are far from major shops and become short of power when inbound trains arrive late.

Second, CSX has set up a command center in Jacksonville and is sending senior operations people into key terminals to improve crew and locomotive utilization.

Finally, in a longer-term step, CSX is making investments this year to boost throughput at its hump yards in Avon, Ind., and Cincinnati, as well as in its former hump yard at Willard, Ohio. In Avon, the hump lead is being extended to 9,000 feet. At Queensgate in Cincinnati, the pulldown yard is receiving power switches.

One thing that’s not on Cory’s to-do list: Limiting the number of cars that merchandise customers can put into the network as transit times have gone up due to congestion and running trains on longer detour routes. “I’m not putting out embargoes,” he says.

“We are in no position to tell customers about their pipeline,” Cory says.

The railroad has received few complaints from merchandise customers, and shippers did not raise issues with CSX’s service during a recent round of shipper conferences. Intermodal service has remained consistent and reliable, Cory says.

Cory says operations were on the upswing last week. “​​These last four days we’ve seen daylight,” he says. “We’re getting more cadence, we’re cleaning up old traffic, old trains.”

But don’t expect overnight improvement. “We’re going to grind through it,” Cory says. “​​But let me tell you, until we get the Blue Ridge and Howard Street … back, it’s going to be a grind.”

Union Pacific went through similar operational struggles in 2021 after a wildfire heavily damaged its Dry Canyon Bridge in Hotlum, Calif., on the railroad’s Interstate 5 Corridor. The bridge was out of service for a month, forcing UP to detour and hold traffic while repairs were under way. Trains operating between Portland, Ore., and California detoured via Salt Lake City, adding five days or so to the normal two to two-and-a-half day transit time.

“Why are the reroutes proving so difficult? It’s harder than it looks because — more than any other transportation network due to dedicated right-of-way — a Class I railroad is just one big collection of domino effects,” Paterson wrote. “Everything impacts everything else. So when you change the natural flows in the system during a significant reroute like this, you need to be extremely careful with regard to properly forecasting and (over)resourcing every crew district, yard, and terminal on the route that will come under pressure. CSX clearly hasn’t done this adequately.”

7 thoughts on “CSX taking steps to dig out of congestion

  1. Here on CSX’s A&WP subdivision CSX has shown some indications of the problems even though the OOS portions do not directly connect. First the trains seem to meet the past schedule times are running close to their previous times or even ahead of schedule. There has been at least a couple of apparently diverted manifest trains off the Manchester Sub.

    Manifest trains have been longer with those usually a 1x0x1, 2x1x0, or 1x1x0, 2x0x1 configurations. Sometimes too long to have rear DPU. DPUs in the past have been very scarce. Some CSX IM train have been rather short or opposite very long often 2x0x1 but essentially same time slots. Most power is online allowing MAX speeds.

    Just hope CSX or even NS do not have any further major traffic impediments.

  2. I remember the Union Pacific meltdown after taking over the Southern Pacific, when I was working for Conrail in Chicago in the mid 90s. What a mess. Then a few years later in 1999, I was fully immersed in the Norfolk Southern meltdown after taking over its portion of Conrail. Total disaster that lasted for more than a year. The amount of lost revenue, and the damage done to the nation’s railroads and economy over the years due to the Class One carriers’ irresponsibility and incompetence is a national disgrace. Perhaps it is finally time to run the national railroad system in a more rational and responsible fashion. Perhaps it is time for public ownership of the nation’s railroads.

    1. My grandma used to say, “too many chefs spoil the soup…” Its bad enough when the activist hedge funds “THINK” they know what is best for railroads. A nationalized network would be horrible. Show me a nationalized freight network anywhere in the world that works that is as long as the US Network? There aren’t any. Europe’s train net works are operating divisions on the US roads. Even China and Russian freight lines are relatively short in comparison to US lines. The long lines in Australia, Mexico and South America are privately owned so they can’t be used. The plan fact is, no country has the freight traffic that the US has. We know what a FUBAR Amtrak is. A nationalized “USRail” would be the same type of “cluster” and freight would move slower than it does now. When everything is perfect the system works well, knock of wood. But nothing on this earth is continuously perfect and doing something as extreme and socialistic as nationalization would only make things worse… Public ownership? Thank you, NO!

  3. In a Newswire article posted on March 11; CSX CFO Sean Pelkey noted CSX had reduced road train crew starts by 1,000 per week this year.

    Perhaps that has contributed more to congestion than weather…

    1. That is PSR for you. I am sure that NS, UP and BNSF CEO’s could say the same thing, only because trains are three times the length they used to be. A lot of the same engines are still running… They are just in multi units lash-ups or as DPU’s mid train or at the tail end and all of those engines but one are crewless. That is a lot less crew starts, to be sure,,,

  4. What about NS. It roughly serves the same area as CSX. It encounters the same weather problems. Are they experiencing any kind of service meltdown. As an outsider, it doesn’t look like they have many problems with their service.

You must login to submit a comment